Why is interest in NMN and NAD+ exploding in 2025?

Introduction: A new era of health

In recent years, the term NAD+ has gone from being an unknown coenzyme among biochemists to becoming one of the hottest topics in biohacking, longevity, and anti-aging. TikTok health gurus are talking about it. Podcasts with Harvard researchers dedicate episodes to it. And in 2025, we see an ever-increasing number of Norwegians searching for "how to increase NAD+ levels naturally."

But what exactly is NAD+? Why is everyone talking about it now? And most importantly: does it actually work?

The answer starts with your cells - and with a natural decline that begins as early as your 30s.

The story of NAD+ - from wine bacteria to biohacking

NAD+ may be 2025's hottest molecule in anti-aging and biohacking, but its journey began long before today's hype. The history of NAD⁺ stretches back over 100 years, showing how this small coenzyme has been a common thread throughout modern cell biology.

1906: The discovery in yeast

It all started when scientists Arthur Harden and William John Young were studying alcoholic fermentation in yeast. They discovered that an “invisible” component in yeast extract accelerated the fermentation process. This unknown substance later turned out to be NAD+ - a crucial player in cellular metabolism.

1930s-40s: The link to vitamin B3

Scientists discovered that NAD+ could be produced from niacin (vitamin B3), and that a deficiency in this vitamin caused pellagra—a widespread disease in the United States at the time. This gave NAD+ an important role in nutrition and public health.

1950s-70s: Energy and cell metabolism

Breakthroughs in mitochondrial research showed that NAD+ is essential for the production of ATP - the body's energy currency. NAD+ transports electrons in the cell's energy production and enables what we now know as "life processes."

2000s: The link to aging

At the turn of the millennium, researchers like Leonard Guarente and Shin-ichiro Imai discovered that NAD+ is necessary for the activation of sirtuins—enzymes that regulate aging, DNA repair, inflammation, and cellular health. This put NAD+ at the center of the new science of “healthy aging.”

2010-present: NMN, NR and the rise of the longevity industry

With the dissemination of research from figures like David Sinclair and Andrew Huberman, NAD+ and its precursors (particularly NMN and NR ) were promoted as tools to slow aging. This created a global movement in biohacking and dietary supplements, and laid the foundation for products like AgeX .

Why this story matters

What was previously known only to biochemists has now become available to everyone. NAD+ is not a short-term trend - it is a molecule with deep roots in science and a documented effect on the aging mechanisms of cells. It is precisely this research and historical understanding that AgeX is built on.

Cell - Live Longer The hype about NAD+

What is NAD+ and why is it critical to your health?

NAD+ stands for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, and is a coenzyme found in all living cells. It plays a central role in almost every energy-generating process in the body—especially in the mitochondria, the powerhouses of the cell. Without NAD+, your cells can’t produce ATP, the energy molecule your body needs for everything from muscle contraction to memory.

But NAD+ is not just an energy supplier. It also acts as “fuel” for important enzymes such as:

  • Sirtuins (longevity regulators)
  • PARP enzymes (DNA repair)
  • CD38 (immune system activity)

When NAD+ levels decrease, cells lose the ability to repair themselves effectively, maintain energy, and regulate aging.

Why do NAD+ levels drop with age?

The most shocking finding in aging research over the past 10 years is that NAD+ declines dramatically with age. A person in their 40s typically has 50% lower NAD+ levels than when they were 20. Reasons:

  • Increased consumption of NAD+ for DNA repair, especially during oxidative stress and inflammation
  • Higher activity of CD38, an enzyme that breaks down NAD+
  • Reduced activity in NAD+ synthesizing enzymes

This has led to what many scientists call a “cellular energy crisis” with age – where our cells literally don’t have enough energy to stay healthy.

NAD+ and anti-aging: What does the research say?

Researchers such as David Sinclair (Harvard) and Shin-ichiro Imai (Washington University) have led the way in NAD+ research. Animal studies have shown that increasing NAD+ via precursors such as NMN and NR:

  • Reverses age-related gene expression
  • Improves muscle strength and endurance
  • Increases insulin sensitivity
  • Improves heart function and blood vessel function
  • Extends lifespan in some models

Human studies are on the rise, and early findings show improved mitochondrial function, cognitive performance and endurance. Several Norwegian and European research groups, including Haukeland Hospital, are currently testing NAD+ in patient groups with Parkinson's and metabolic syndrome.

Why the demand for NAD+ boosters is exploding

From 2020 to 2025, demand for NMN and NAD+ supplements has increased by over 500% globally. Why?

  • Influencers and researchers are talking about it: Andrew Huberman, David Sinclair and Tim Ferriss highlight NAD+ as a key to "YouthSpan".
  • Availability: NMN and NR are now readily available in pure form as capsules and powder - also in Norway through players such as l ivelonger.no .

  • Timely health needs: Older people seek better energy, memory and recovery. Younger biohackers want to maximize health and performance.
  • Combination with other trends: Fasting, ketogenic diets, and cold exposure are all practices that increase NAD+ levels. NAD+ fits into an already growing "longevity mindset."

NAD+, NMN and AgeX: The New Generation of NAD Supplements

AgeX Longevity complex is a next-generation NAD+-boosting supplement that combines NR, TMG and bioactives such as:

  • Trans-resveratrol (sirtuin activator)
  • Pterostilbene
  • Spermidine (autophagy activator)
  • Fisetin and Quercetin (senolytics)

This type of "multi-pathway" product is designed to attack aging on multiple fronts: DNA repair, inflammation suppression, energy production, and cell renewal.



References and source citations

NMN, NR and the main NAD+ boosters explained, which one is best and why?

Introduction: Everyone wants more NAD+, but which way is best?

As research on NAD+ has exploded, an entire industry has developed around molecules that can boost our NAD+ levels. Two names come to mind: NMN and NR. Both are precursors to NAD+ – molecules the body uses to make more NAD+.

But how do these work in the body? What does the research say? And how do they compare to other NAD+ boosters like resveratrol, TMG, and spermidine?

Let's start with the most potent and popular of them all: NMN.

What is NMN and how does it work?

NMN (Nicotinamide Mononucleotide) is a natural molecule found in the body that acts as a direct precursor to NAD+. When you take NMN as a supplement, it can be converted to NAD+ in cells in a short time – according to some studies, as quickly as 10 minutes after ingestion.

This occurs through a biological process called the “salvage pathway,” where NMN is converted to NAD+ via the enzyme NMNAT. This is the most efficient way the body can produce NAD+.

Benefits of NMN:

  • Fast and direct conversion to NAD+
  • Good tolerance in clinical studies - up to 1250 mg daily without serious side effects
  • Increased energy production, improved insulin sensitivity and cognitive function in animal studies and early human studies

Should I combine NMN and NR?

While NMN has long been touted as the most direct precursor to NAD+, Nicotinamide Riboside (NR) has also proven effective – especially when combined smartly.

The two molecules use different routes into the NAD+ cycle:

  • NMN goes via the NMNAT enzyme and is more tissue-specific (e.g. to muscles, heart and brain)
  • NR must first be converted to NMN, but has high bioavailability and provides a broad systemic boost

By using both NR and NMN together, you get a:

  • Dual channel to increased NAD+ levels - both fast (NMN) and long-lasting (NR)
  • Balanced distribution in different cell types and tissues, which may provide a more holistic effect on cognitive function, energy and aging markers
  • Synergistic effect, as they support various enzymes and transport proteins

💡 Studies have shown that NR provides higher NAD+ levels in blood plasma, while NMN penetrates tissues to a greater extent. Therefore, the combination is ideal for maximum and broad support.

What is NR – and how does it differ from NMN?

NR (Nicotinamide Riboside ) is another precursor to NAD+, which also activates the salvage pathway, but at a step before NMN. This means that the body must convert NR → NMN → NAD+, as opposed to going directly to NAD+ as with NMN.

Advantages of NR:

  • Many published studies on humans
  • Significantly increases NAD+ levels in the blood (up to 2-3 times)

Disadvantages compared to NMN:

  • Must first be converted to NMN before converting to NAD+
  • Slightly lower bioavailability in some comparative studies

Use in AgeX:

  • AgeX combines both 300mg NR and 300mg TMG to support multiple NAD+ pathways and to avoid saturation points.

Other NAD+ boosters – and why they're not enough on their own

Niacin (Vitamin B3)

  • Precursor to NAD+, but often causes “flush” (redness, feeling of warmth) and other side effects
  • Increases NAD+, but inhibits sirtuins in high doses

Nicotinamide (NAM)

  • Another form of B3, but in high levels blocks sirtuin activity
  • Used in small doses in some NAD+ formulations, but is not ideal on its own

NADH (reduced NAD+)

  • May provide temporary energy boost by supporting ATP production
  • Does not permanently increase NAD⁺ levels in cells
  • Often given intravenously (IV), but requires weekly treatments to maintain effectiveness
  • Used more as an acute energy measure than as a long-term NAD⁺ strategy

TMG – why you should combine NMN with it

TMG (Trimethylglycine) protects against overconsumption of methyl donors when NAD+ production is increased. When NAD+ is formed via NMN/NR, NAM (nicotinamide) is also formed and must be excreted – this occurs via methylation in the liver.

Without enough TMG, you may risk:

  • Increased homocysteine
  • Methylation disorders
  • Fatigue and brain fog

AgeX therefore includes 300 mg of TMG to balance the methylation cycle and support safe NAD+ increases.

Polyphenols and NAD+: Resveratrol and Pterostilbene

These molecules do not increase NAD+ directly, but enhance the effects of NAD+ by activating the sirtuins, especially SIRT1.

Resveratrol:

  • Naturally occurring in grapes and red wine
  • Low bioavailability – therefore included in liposomal form or together with pepper

Pterostilbene:

  • A more stable version of resveratrol
  • Better uptake and sirtuin activation

Both are included in AgeX (Incl. Piperine / pepper) because they work synergistically with NMN - you increase NAD+, and then you activate the enzymes that use NAD+ for repair and anti-aging effects.

Fisetin, Quercetin and Spermidine: Cell renewal and autophagy

While NMN and NR build up NAD+, these three play a different role – they clean up old and defective cells:

  • Fisetin and Quercetin are senolytics – substances that help the body eliminate “zombie cells” (old cells that do not die, but rather disrupt)
  • Spermidine activates autophagy, a process in which the cell recycles damaged components

This is important because increased NAD+ makes cells more energetic – and you want them to use their energy to repair and rejuvenate, not just hold on to damaged parts.



Table: Comparison of NAD+ Boosters

Molecule

Does NAD+ increase?

Activate sirtuins?

Effect on cell repair

Included in AgeX?

NMN

✅ Strong

✅ Indirect

✅✅✅

❌ Combine AgeX together with NMN

NR

✅ Medium

✅ Indirect

✅✅

✅

TMG

❌ (indirect)

❌

✅ (via methylation)

✅

Resveratrol

❌

✅ Direct

✅

✅

Pterostilbene

❌

✅ Direct

✅✅

✅

Fisetin

❌

❌

✅ (senolytic)

✅

Quercetin

❌

❌

✅ (senolytic)

✅

Spermidine

❌

❌

✅✅ (autophagy)

✅

 

🔎 How to interpret the table:

✅ = Mild or indirect effect (e.g. via antioxidants or NAD+ activation alone)

✅✅ = Medium potency with documented support for DNA repair or mitochondria

✅✅✅ = Combined and multifunctional effect: NAD+ + sirtuins + autophagy/senolytic support

This is not a medical ranking, but a practical overview based on biochemical mechanisms of action and available research as of 2025.

Conclusion: That's why AgeX is betting on the combination

Instead of focusing on a single molecule, AgeX takes a systemic strategy: Increase NAD+, activate maintenance enzymes, and remove old/dysfunctional cells at the same time.

This is in line with the latest research on "multi-pathway longevity" – where different aging mechanisms are addressed in parallel.

AgeX, FAQs and Why NAD+ is the Key to a New Age of Health

Introduction: From theory to practice

You have now learned why NAD+ is critical for cellular health, how NMN acts as one of the most potent NAD+ precursors, and why AgeX combines multiple molecules to maximize efficacy.

But how does this translate into practical everyday use? What does the research and real users say? And how do you know if AgeX or NMN is right for you?

In this final section, you will find answers to the most common questions, concrete guidance, and references you can explore further.

AgeX in practice – how and why it works

AgeX NAD+ Longevity Complex is a science-based dietary supplement designed to:

  • Increase NAD+ levels quickly and effectively
  • Activate the cell's defense systems against aging (sirtuins, autophagy)

  • Protect against methylation stress (via TMG)
  • Clean up old and defective cells (via senolytics)

🧬 What makes AgeX unique? – Ingredients explained

🔹 NR (Nicotinamide Riboside, 99.5% purity) – 300 mg
 Complementary NAD⁺ booster that provides broad support via the salvage pathway. Increases NAD+ in both blood and tissue, supporting long-term cellular metabolism and cognitive performance.

🔹 TMG (Trimethylglycine) – 300 mg
 Ensures safe NAD⁺ boosting by supporting methylation. Prevents homocysteine ​​buildup and counteracts side effects that can occur with high NAD+ intake. Essential for heart health and DNA protection.

🔹 Trans-Resveratrol – 200 mg
Activates SIRT1 – NAD+-dependent genes that regulate the aging process. Combine with NMN and/or NR for maximum anti-aging effect. Known from red wine, but here in a therapeutic dose.

🔹 Pterostilbene – 50 mg
 Resveratrol's "upgraded cousin" with better absorption and longer duration of action. Enhances sirtuin activation and helps protect cells from oxidative stress.

🔹 Spermidine – 10 mg
 Activates autophagy – the body’s natural “cell cleanup.” Important for longevity and cellular rejuvenation. Works with NAD+ boosters to remove old and damaged cells.

🔹 Fisetin – 100 mg
 Powerful senolytic. Helps eliminate zombie cells that accumulate with age. Combine with NAD+ boosting for deeper cellular rejuvenation.

🔹 Quercetin – 200 mg
Supports the immune system and reduces inflammation. Together with fisetin, it enhances the removal of senescent cells and promotes anti-inflammatory aging.

🔹 Zinc – 14 mg
 Necessary cofactor in over 300 enzyme reactions. Supports immune function, hormonal balance and cellular maintenance – including NAD⁺-related mechanisms.

🔹 Vitamin D3 – 25 mcg (1000 IU)
 Strengthens the immune system and contributes to optimal muscle function. Important supporter of cell metabolism and well-being in the elderly.

🔹 L-Theanine – 100 mg
 Improves cognitive performance, reduces stress and provides calm focus. Used to balance the energizing effect of NAD+ supplementation.

🔹 Piperine – 5 mg (from black pepper)
 Increases the absorption (bioavailability) of NMN, resveratrol, quercetin and pterostilbene by up to 200%. Ensures maximum effect of all active ingredients in AgeX.


Who is it suitable for?

  • Those who want to optimize energy, memory and vitality
  • Those who want a proactive strategy against the aging process
  • Those of you who already fast, exercise, or take supplements – and want to take the next step


Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

What is the difference between NMN and NR?


Both are precursors to NAD+, but:

  • NMN (Nicotinamide Mononucleotide) is converted directly into NAD+ in the cells
  • NR (Nicotinamide Riboside) must first be converted to NMN before it can become NAD+
    Studies suggest that NMN provides faster and more targeted increases in NAD+ levels, especially in tissues with high energy needs (e.g., muscle, brain, heart).
     NR still has value and is often used in combination (as in AgeX) for broader support.

What time of day should I take AgeX?

Take AgeX in the morning, preferably on an empty stomach. Preferably with some fat (e.g. cod liver oil or MCT oil) for better absorption of fat-soluble ingredients such as resveratrol and vitamin D. Alternatively, 30–60 min before your first meal.

When should I take NMN – and how?

Early in the day for best effect. Sublingual (powder under the tongue) provides fastest absorption. Capsules are taken with water on an empty stomach. Combine with TMG for balanced NAD+ support.

How quickly do you notice the effect?

Most people report improved energy and focus within 1–2 weeks. Full effects at the cellular level may take 4–8 weeks.

Is NMN safe?

Yes. Human studies have shown good tolerance at doses up to 1250 mg daily.

Should I take TMG together with NMN?

Yes – NMN increases NAD+, but also degradation via NAM → methylation. TMG protects this process and makes NMN safer and more effective.

Which form of NMN is best absorbed – capsules, sublingual or powder?

Sublingual intake (powder under the tongue) provides the fastest absorption and highest bioavailability, as NMN is directly absorbed via the mucous membranes and avoids first-pass metabolism in the liver.
 Capsules and powder mixed in water still have a good effect, but absorption may vary.
 Tip: Combine with piperine (as in AgeX) to improve the absorption of multiple substances.

Does it have to be combined with TMG?

Yes, it is highly recommended. When you increase NAD+ via NMN, the breakdown to NAM (Nicotinamide) also increases, which the body gets rid of via methylation.
 TMG (Trimethylglycine) donates methyl groups that support this process and:

  • Prevents the accumulation of homocysteine
  • Reduces risk of methylation stress
  • Making NAD⁺ boosting more sustainable and safe

Read also: Popular articles from LiveLonger.no

🔬 Research on NMN

🔬 Research on NAD+

  • NAD+ and cellular aging: New insights from the University of Bergen
    University of Bergen (UiB) (2024) Researchers at the University of Bergen have discovered that mitochondria function as a NAD⁺ store that is activated when needed, for example in the event of DNA damage. If this store is depleted too often, it can weaken the cell's repair capacity and contribute to diseases such as dementia. Early studies show that NAD⁺ supplementation can strengthen the cell's resilience.
    https://www.news-medical.net/news/20241223/Study-unveils-NADs-link-to-aging-and-disease-development.aspx
  • Zhang et al. (2016): NAD⁺ Restoration Reverses Age-Related Dysfunction
    Study showing that restoring NAD⁺ improves mitochondrial and stem cell function and extends lifespan in mice.
     https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aaf2693
  • Trammell SAJ et al. (2016): NAD⁺ Precursor Dynamics
     Investigating how different NAD⁺ precursors affect NAD⁺ metabolism.
     https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms12948

Scientific databases and journals:

Conclusion: NAD+ is not a hype – it is a paradigm shift

After decades of research, we now have the technology and knowledge to influence the aging process – not just slow it down, but potentially reverse some of its effects.

NAD+ is at the center of this development, and NMN is the safest and most effective way to replenish NAD+.

When you combine NMN with TMG, resveratrol, and autophagy-stimulating molecules like in AgeX, you have a formulation that hits multiple aging pathways at once.

It's not about living forever. It's about staying young, functional and vital - for as long as possible.

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